Vida em Georges Canguilhem na complexidade informacional biológica, tecnológica e assimilação do organismo vivo à máquina

Abstract

The present study aims to broaden and understand the ideas of Canguilhem in relation to life and metabolism, also characterizing the diversity of understanding about cellular communications and information in the face of mechanicism and the human condition. Understanding what life is and what it means is one of the greatest philosophical and scientific challenges of all time. The idea that the emergence of life is an obvious and intuitive issue is manifested in the view of common sense. This enables science to analyze everything that seems obvious and intuitive, with its solutions that can overcome the obstacles of the study of life forms and their enigmas. When one questions "what is life", biologists and philosophers consider that there is no simple answer to the theme. We suggest that one of life's great purposes is to differentiate and signal forms of communication that aim at maintaining life. Canguilhem considers that the mechanization of life and the technical use of the animal are inseparable, considering the need to visualize the animal more than a machine. Moreover, in the face of technologies, if there is an idea that the human organism is a machine, it is necessary to review its relation to nature, which is certainly not a machine, having a self-regulation different from an animal organism, but all interrelated in an ecological dimension. Still the philosopher Canguilhem realizes that the machine does not give meaning to the life. His hypothesis seeks to prove that biological organization is the condition of existence and meaning of mechanical constructions. In this perspective, when it comes to the informational relationship and cell, we can extend the understanding of functional or physiological life, in the complexity of the organism and the machine. In this sense, eukaryotic cells are structured by a biological evolutionary process in a way that will fulfill one or more specific functions, that is, organized and coordinated by systems in the living organism. However, comparing the cell to a machine is complex, because the machine itself does not make its corrections, but depends on the action of the man who created it. The cell was not created by man but by the biological evolutionary process of nature. It is in this sense that Canguilhem's way of understanding in his works is in accordance with what is meant by biological life, metabolism and information technologies.