Extração supercrítica de oleorresina de resíduo de pimenta Capsicum annuum (Jalapenho)

Abstract

The industrial processing of jalapeno pepper to obtain sauces and anothers food products generates wastes consisting of husks, seeds and pulp remains. This residue is an attractive source of bioative compounds as demonstrated by some studies in literature. The use of residues to obtain bioative compounds is interesting because it is a cheap raw material, generates a by-product with added value and the utilization of residue decrease the cost of waste treatment. Thus, this work aimed to study of supercritical extraction of oleoresin from Capsicum annuum pepper (jalapeno) waste. The effects of particle size, temperature (40 e 60 °C), pressure (200 and 250 bar) and addition of modifier (ethanol) on the yield and composition of extracts were valuated. Soxhlet extraction was performed using ethanol, acetone and hexane as solvents. It was observed that the decrease in particle size increased the yield of extracts in the supercritical extraction (10 to 16 mesh – 3.87%; 16 to 32 mesh – 7.48 % and 32 a 65 mesh – 10.98%) and that temperature variation and the addition of cosolvent were significant in increasing yield. The pressures used did not influence in the extraction yield. The yields obtained by supercritical extraction varied between 9.38 and 10.08%, these values are close to those obtained by Soxhlet. The extracts contained bioactive compounds, but did not show antioxidant activity. The kinect behavior of supercritical extraction was analyzed by observing the global extraction curves and by literature models (Esquível et al., Crank, logistic and splines). Finally, a preliminary economic viability analysis of the industrial process of supercritical extraction of jalapenho pepper residue was carried out. The process is viable since the oleoresin manufacturing cost was smaller than the selling cost.