Da questão do ser a partir da ontologia do ser-aí ao ser pensado a partir de si mesmo em Heidegger

Abstract

Martin Heidegger was a German philosopher who lived between 1889 and 1976. As Husserl's disciple, Heidegger developed a hermeneutic and existential phenomenology, taking the problematic of being as the fundamental question of philosophy. In "Being and Time", text published in 1927, Heidegger investigated the being from the entity that we ourselves are. Heidegger called this entity by Dasein or being-there. However, Heidegger's original intention was to investigate the question of being without reference to the entity. This intention only came true with the conference "Time and Being" in the 1960s. The purpose of this monograph is to follow this development of the question of being, starting from the investigation made in "Being and Time" from being-there towards the thought of being without the entity developed in "Time and Being". This work assumes that understanding heideggerian philosophy is important for the development of phenomenological-existential psychology, hence the relevance of this research. In methodological terms, this search consisted of a systematic literature review in two stages outlined more or less within the principles of what is known as “synoptic reading”, the first stage consisted of the preparation of a provisional bibliography, inspection, book and abstracts, and the second, in the systematic reading of the bibliography, comparison of the authors and in writing search results. The research made it possible to understand being-there as being-in-the-world and its determination on the horizon of temporality and it allowed the discovery of being and time as gifts of what Heidegger called Ereignis, a word that does not allow translation.