Diretrizes para o sistema de gerenciamento dos resíduos da construção civil na cidade de Paracatu-MG

Abstract

The efficient management of solid waste from construction and demolition (RCD) is a challenge for public administrations and other agents involved. The RCDs comprise an important part of the total solid waste generated in the urban environment due to its large volume. In addition, RCDs also have a significant potential for environmental degradation, if not adequately addressed. Based on these concerns, the present study was developed, which has as study area the RCD management system of the city of Paracatu (MG). The general objective of this work is, therefore, to analyze the waste management system of the civil construction in the city of Paracatu and to propose guidelines for the improvement of the process in question. For the preparation of the evaluations and guidelines, field surveys and data collection were carried out in public agencies for the years 2016 and 2017. At this stage, the lack of data on the generation of RCD in Paracatu was highlighted. Therefore, indirect methods were used to quantify the RCD generated in the city and destined to the municipal landfill area. For the general analysis of the RCD management system performed in the city object of this study, the SWOT Matrix tool was used. The diagnosis of the RCD management situation in Paracatu, conducted in this study, indicated: public power has low control over the RCD management system; municipal management devices are lacking; the local RCD generation rate was estimated at 0.34 ton/inhabitant per year; and, the receipt of RCD in the "boot-off" landfill of the municipality was estimated at 31,748.28 tons. From these surveys and analyzes, simple recommendations have been established that can contribute to the improvement of the management of RCDs in Paracatu, such as: the elaboration of municipal legislation on RCD and the municipal management plan for construction waste; oversight of large generators; record the activities related to the management of the RCD; actions to raise awareness; the implantation of Small Volumes Receipt Units (URPV) near the neighbourhoods with the highest number of cases of irregular dispositions; partnership with cart drivers to collect small volumes; installation of an RCD class A recycle plant; installation of a Class A waste landfill.