Profundidade de invasão como fator prognóstico para o carcinoma de células escamosas oral

Abstract

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), is the most common histological type of oral cancer. The aggressiveness of the oral SCC (OSCC) varies according to the clinical staging of the disease, which is also a predominant factor for determining the therapeutic conduct. In 2017, the new classification of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system for oral cancer incorporated the depth of invasion (DOI) of the tumor as a modifier for the T category, making necessary studies to verify the impact of this modification on the estimate of the prognosis of the disease. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the prognostic efficacy of DOI for OSCC in a Brazilian population. A retrospective study of sequential cases of OSCC was carried out from the cases of the Laboratory of Pathology of the School of Dentistry of the Federal University of Uberlândia (Brazil) from 2007 to 2011. Information on size, metastatic profile, DOI and histological pattern of tumor invasion were obtained from medical files and histopathological slides, and compared with the overall survival of the patients at five years follow-up. It was included 23 patients, with mean age of 59 years, with predominance of men and lesions in the tongue, and 52% of lesions with up to 2cm on its largest diameter. Most cases were superficially invasive (DOI up to 5mm) and cases with deeper invasion were significantly associated with poorer survival. The association of size and DOI of the lesions modified (increased) the T parameter in only two cases, but did not result in significant prognostic information. It is concluded that DOI provides prognostic information relevant to patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma.