Principais causas de mortalidade de leitões pós-nascimento de acordo com a ordem de parição da fêmea suína

Abstract

The progress of swine farming is visible and demonstrates social and economic importance for the country. Pig farmers each day aim to increase the number of piglets weaned / sow / year, this index being influenced by the parity order, and if this factor is a determinant it may also increase the post-birth mortality rate. The purpose of this study was observe mortality in piglets related to the order of parity. For this, 996 sow were chosen to evaluate this variable. The females were divided into three treatments: Treatment 1: Females with parity order from the first to the third farrowing; Treatment 2: Females with parity order from the fourth to the sixth farrowing; Treatment 3: Females with parity order from seventh to tenth farrowing. After the onset of farrowing, the number of live born pigs was quantified and in cases of deaths, its causes were evaluated(Causes 1: laid on piglets; Causes 2: deaths by Weak piglets; Causes 3: Deaths from diarrhea; Causes 4: Deaths from bacterial or viral diseases; Causes 5: Starvation deaths; Causes 6: For other causes. The completely randomized design was used. The analysis was performed using SAS software (Statistical Analysis System Institute Inc., Cary, NC, 2003), considering the probability level of 0.05. Regarding the causes of death of the piglets, in all treatments, the cause of death of laid on piglets was the one with the highest occurrence regardless of the order of parity of the female. Soon after, two causes were more frequent that were deaths by diarrhea and due to the birth of weak piglets. Therefore, it can be said that the laid on piglets is still a challenge in the swine production chain, and it is necessary to seek solutions to reduce these mortality rates, in order to increase the productivity of the pig industry.