Biomonitoramento dos efeitos genotóxicos de inseticidas com poecilia vivipara

Abstract

The strategies to control the major dengue transmitter, Aedes aegypti, are based in the utilization of chemical and biological products together with environmental management programs. The public programs that try to control the mosquito are based in the use of industrialized insecticides, which emphasize the organophosphate Temephos and the pyrethroid Cypermethrin. When into the aquatic habitats, the insecticides affect the target and non-target organisms, modifying the ecosystems structure, killing, all together, the A. aegypti larvae natural predators. The development of biomarkers based on biological answers from pollutants treated organisms are being used to monitor the effects of the exposition to contaminants. This study’s goal was to evaluate the genotoxic in the fish specie Poecilia vivipara which was exposed to the insecticides Cypermethrin and Temephos. For this, were used the Micronuclei Assay and the Comet Assay in erythrocytes. The animals were exposed for a period of 96 hours, with collects being done every 24 hours for the micronuclei frequency analyze and the scores of the indices of DNA damages. The Micronuclei Assay revealed significant differences when compared the negative control micronuclei frequencies treatment with the Cypermethrin (ANOVA, P= 0,00039) and the Temephos (ANOVA, P<0,0001) treatments. The Comet Assay also presented significant differences when compared the scores from the negative control, and the scores from the Cypermethrin (ANOVA, P<0,0001) and Temephos (ANOVA, P<0,0001) treatments. The insecticides Cypermethrin and Temephos, amply used on the control of Aedes aegypti, presented genotoxic action in the Poecilia vivipara fish, the mosquito larvae predator.