Trauma de alto impacto em paciente pediátrico e suas sequelas: relato de caso clínico

Abstract

Facial fractures affect a small proportion of the pediatric population. This fact is due to the presence of anatomical features found in this age group that act as protective factors, as well as the characteristic elastic properties of the young bone. Some factors such as the location of the fracture, the complexity of the lesion, the presence of associated lesions, the age of the patient and the time elapsed since the trauma are determinant and should be considered in the definition of the treatment plan of each case. This paper reports the case of a 5-year-old male patient, who was a victim of high-impact trauma resulting from automobile accident, with comminuted maxilla and mandible fracture. The treatment plan was established with analysis of biomodels constructed from tomographic images and involved the installation of soft tissue expander, correction of fibrosis of the lower lip, installation of a 2.4 reconstruction plate for mandibular repositioning and autogenous iliac crest bone graft associated with hyperbaric oxygenation. The surgical treatment of the pediatric maxillofacial region presents a complex and challenging task, therefore the surgical planning demands greater attention in order to avoid the occurrence of secondary deformities and sequelae that may interfere with the quality of life of the patients.