Obtenção de extratos hexânico e metanólico das folhas de Campomanesia sessiliflora: caracterização físico-química e perfil antimicrobiano

Abstract

Cerrado comprises a huge natural area of Brazilian territory and it has a wide diversity of native plant species. These plants retain compounds of high biological potential, such as flavonoids and tannins, being well known as medicinal plants. Campomanesia sessiliflora is popularly known as “guabiroba-verde”. It belongs to Myrtaceae family and is included in the group of medicinal plants of Cerrado. This study aimed to obtain hexanic and methanolic extracts from C. sessiliflora, as well as to determine its physico-chemical properties and antimicrobial activity. The hexanic and methanolic extracts were obtained from C. sessiliflora leaves through exhaustive extraction in hexane or methanol as solvents, respectively. Total phenolic content of both extracts was evaluated by Folin-Ciocalteau reagent. The pH of hexanic and methanolic extracts was determined by direct measurement in pH meter. Potential antimicrobial activity of hexanic and methanolic extracts from the plant was investigated by agar diffusion method against three bacterial strains: Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. The yield of the hexanic and methanolic leaves extract was 7,28% and 33,20%, respectively. The extracts pH was 5,05 ± 0,04 for hexanic and 4,026 ± 0,005 for methanolic. Total phenolic content was 170 and 128,818 mg EqAG/ g of hexanic and methanolic extract, respectively. Regarding antimicrobial activity, methanolic extract from C. sessiliflora leaves could inhibit S. aureus growth in a concentration-dependent manner. Taken together, these data demonstrate that extracts from C. sessiliflora leaves have a large amount of total phenolic compounds, possibly flavonoids, which are molecules responsible for antitumoral, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities; this last was confirmed in agar diffusion test, corroborating the high pharmacological and medicinal potential of the plant.