Schema Mode Inventory (SMI): Revisão sistemática de literatura e validação de conteúdo da versão reduzida no contexto brasileiro

Abstract

Schema Mode Inventory (SMI) is an instrument developed to measure the Schema Modes that are present in the life of a person. It is exploratory, used for both therapeutic and research purposes, with the intention of obtaining an overview of the Schema Modes that a patient shows most frequently. This study had two main objectives: 1) To carry out a systematic literature review about the Schema Mode Inventory, covering both the short and long versions, focusing its validation and its use in the most diverse psychological contexts; and 2) To validate content of the short version in the Brazilian context through the analysis of judges. 253 studies were found through the search for the keyword "Schema Mode Inventory", of which 45 fits in the criteria of inclusion. Of these, 36 proposed to use the SMI to evaluate some psychological theme and 09 sought to validate it. It was observed that over the years, there is a growing use and validation of the instrument in several countries, about the psychological themes, personality disorders stands out as the most targeted topic for the analysis of Schema Modes. No validation of the SMI was found in Brazil, which encouraged the initial search for adaptation to this context. Thus, the validation of the content, that is, clarity, representativity, relevance of the items and investigation was investigated if the questionnaire measures what it suggests to measure, through the content bias. Thus, the analysis was performed through two different questionnaires, one investigating the Content Validity Coefficient (CVC) and another the Kappa Concordance Analysis. Regarding the final CVC score of each item, it is observed that these presented satisfactory coefficients in most cases, since the instrument has 118 items and only 10 in the whole questionnaire showed a score below the acceptable level. It is noteworthy that in all analyzed categories the total CVC of the instrument is satisfactory with values above 0.90, which indicates a good validity of the content of the questionnaire as a whole. As for the Kappa Concordance Analysis, this one presented a good result regarding the instrument as a whole, due to the strong agreement. The Indisciplined Child was the only mode that presented a weak agreement between the judges and the Detached Self-soother showed total agreement, being their items the most representative and appropriate to the instrument. All other modes showed moderate agreement, strong agreement, and near perfect agreement. New investigations are necessary to better adapt the version of SMI in the Brazilian context. It is important to include an analysis of the relevance of maintaining all items and modes following the original instrument or even developing a new instrument.