Resposta astrocitária no hipotálamo de camundongos submetidos a dieta hiperlipídica e treinamento físico

Abstract

The consumption of diets rich in saturated fatty acids induces a gain in body weight and the expression of cytokines pro-inflammatory that can enable the process of apoptosis in neurons that control food intake and satiety in the hypothalamus. Physical activity and the change of dietary habits are the treatments for obesity. Thus, the focus of the study was to evaluate the response of animals submitted to fat diet and physical training, with the exercise of swimming, and analyze the glial reactivity, synapse density, cell death and profile of expression of cytokines in the hypothalamus. After 16 weeks of treatment with diets, being the 8 latest with physical activity, the animals had the hypothalamus extracted for analysis of arcuate, paraventricular and lateral nuclei. The groups that ingested the high fat diet (HFD) showed increased body weight, hypofagia, greater adiposity, increased glucose, along with greater astroglial reactivity, lower synaptic density, greater TNF and IL-6, and, greater expression of s 3 and 7 caspases in relation to the groups that were fed with standard diet (ND). The HFD group that practiced swimming with a load of 80% of the maximum load reached in the progressive effort test showed better results for physiological data and for the determination of cytokine and caspases levels, as well as, showed lower astroglial reactivity and higher synaptic density, indicating a protective role of physical exercise practiced in this work.