Estudo da atividade antioxidante, teor de fenóis totais e proantocianidinas do extrato etanólico e composição química do óleo essencial de Diospyros hispida A. DC

Abstract

Diospyros hispida species belongs to the Ebenaceae family. It is also known as Diospyros burchellii Hiern, Diospyros mattogrossensis Hoehne, Diospyros coccolobifolia var. pubescens and is popularly known as olho-de-boi, caqui-do-mato, caqui-do-cerrado, bacupari-bravo e caqui-bravo. This species has been used for the Cerrado communities for treating infectious diseases. There are no reports in the literature about the composition of the essential oil Diospyros hispida, or the ethanolic extract, and neither on its seasonality. The essential oil chemical composition was determined in April with the prevalence of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes alcohols. The analysis by GC-MS of the essential oil of D. hispida, at the same time, revealed the presence of 30 compounds, and the sesquiterpene (E)-nerolidol, as the main constituent with 26.53%. For the month of August, the essential oil presented long-chain alkanes and the most abundant constituent was (Z)-hex-3-en-1-ol with concentration of 23.62%. The values obtained for the determination of total phenols for the ethanolic extract of D. hispida was 161.87±1.32 mg of GAE/g of extract. The proanthocyanidin content for the same extract was 54.57±7.33 mg of ECAT/g of extract. The antioxidant activity by DPPH method showed an EC50 value of 11.8 μg mL-1. For phytochemical screening of the ethanol extract of the leaves of D. hispida using the developer NP / PEG, detected the presence of flavonoids. With the Liebermann-vanillin sulfuric Burchar developers and verified the presence of phenolic substances, triterpenes and steroids. Using the developers Iodo-Chloro-platinum and Dragendorff, it was found that this extract showed no alkaloids.