Modulação da produção de citocinas por células mononucleares de sangue periférico de pacientes atópicos por vesículas extracelulares oriundas de células mononucleares de sangue periférico de pacientes não atópicos

Abstract

Allergy, a chronic inflammatory disease, is a public health problem that affects the quality of life of millions of children and adults. Its prevalence has increased dramatically in many countries, especially in the industrialized one. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of extracellular vesicles isolated from mononuclear cells from peripheral blood (PBMC) of non-atopic individuals, to alter the immune response profile in Allergy, for a proinflammatory or regulatory profile. The extracellular vesicles have endosomal origen (exosomes) or they originated directly from the plasma membrane (microvesicles) of the cell that gave rise to it. They are secreted by a large number of cells, including involved in allergy, like mast cells, dendritic cells, T and B lymphocytes, and are produced under physiological conditions or disease, when their secretion show increased. The extracellular vesicles were isolated from PBMC of non-atopic subjects and analyzed for the electrophoretic profile of proteins, for the specificity with immunostaining technics such as western blot and transmission electron microscopy for the transferrin receptor 2 (TFR2 ), CD63, CD81 and the ultrastructural analysis. These vesicles were then used to stimulate PBMCs from atopic individuals. Quantitative analysis of cytokine production was made in the culture supernatant by enzyme immunoassay. Extracellular vesicles isolated from PBMC of non-atopic individuals, were able to affect the cytokine profile of atopic subjects, with modulating profile, with lower IFN-γ and increased IL-10 levels, leading to a response profile with immune regulatory effect.