Frequência dos genótipos HLA-A*, -B* e -DRB1* e associação com o risco de Doença Renal Terminal, em pacientes oriundos do Triangulo Mineiro, Brasil

Abstract

Kidney failure is an important cause of morbidity and mortality, frequently associated with chronic inflammation of glomeruli and immune hypersensitivity reactions. In this study we aimed to determine if there was an association between HLA alleles and end stage kidney diseases. Towards this objective, we analyzed 87 patients with an average age of 51 years and a mean of 4.5 years of hemodialysis. The main clinical diagnosis of kidney failure in this group was hypertension (38%), diabetes (25%) and glomerulopathies (23%). As a control, we utilized the HLA typing data of 17,541 voluntary marrow donors from the Brazilian national registry. HLA typing was determined by SSO kits (One Lambda, Inc.) and flow cytometry (Luminex technology). Our results demonstrated that, when compared to the normal population, there was a significant association of: 1) hypertension with HLA-A*23 (p=0.014), HLA-A*30 (p<0.001) and HLA-B*41 (p=0.016); 2) diabetes with HLA-A*23 (p=0.004), HLA-A*30 (p=0.033), HLA-B*41 (p=0.023), HLA-B*81 (p=0.020), HLADRB 1*1 (p=0.030) and HLA-DRB1*3 (p=0.013); and 3) glomerulopathies with HLA-A*32 (p<0.001), HLA-B*13 (p<0.001), HLA-B*14 (p=0.004), HLA-DRB1*4 (p=0.030), HLADRB 1*11 (p=0.008) and HLA-DRB1*15 (p<0.001). There was an association between allele frequency and protection against kidney disease in the following situations: 1) hypertension with HLA-A*3 and HLA-DRB1*4; 2) diabetes with HLA-DRB1*11; 3) glomerulopathies with HLA-DRB1*1 and HLA-DRB1*13. In conclusion, HLA alleles may be an important marker of prognosis in chronic renal disease.