Contribuição ao estudo do desgaste erosivo e abrasivo de poliuretanos utilizados na indústria mineradora e petrolífera

Abstract

In may of 2011 has begun the production of oil in the Tupi area, which is one of the pre-salt deposits that can change the profile of PETROBRÁS deposits. The transportation of the oil is performed by flexible ducts formed by a multi-layer of metallic and polymeric materials, witch connect the exploration well to the platform. This ducts, when touching the maritime soil of TDP suffers a sever wear process. One technology adopted by the company in recent years is flexible ducts protections in the TDP area performed by split gutters of polyurethane elastomer. This paper work has as goal to classify and evaluate the polyurethane elastomer to the abrasive and erosive wear witch are commons in the oil and mining industry. The evaluations of the abrasive and erosive wear were performed trough nine different polyurethanes with different raw materials, polyols and isocyanates. The specimens were submitted to the hardness test for characterization and one conclusion was that they were not different from the previous paper work done by SANTOS in 2007, which has the same chemicals formulations. The erosive wear test was conducted at Jet impingement, but it was not possible to capture the mass loss by gravimetric techniques and the theoretical volume lost was the result masked due to surface irregularities. The abrasive wear test was performed in the SUGA equipment by two sandpaper with 80 and 220 mesh. In the 80 mesh abrasive sandpaper, incur the formation of three different groups of materials that behaved in different manner in the abrasive wear. In the endurance test using an abrasive pad of 220 mesh was observed discrete groups of materials behaving differently to abrasive wear. In the images taken by the electronic sweep microscope was noted that the predominant micro-mechanism of wear was the micro-cut and, also, and detachment of fragments through brittle fracture and some images showed the Schallamach pattern. Another stage of this paperwork tried to correlate the mechanical properties to the abrasive wear taxes, suggesting theoretical wear models that approximates from the ones obtained with the SUGA equipment.