Abertura financeira, fluxos de capitais, acumulação de capital e produtividade nos países em desenvolvimento: teorias e evidências

Abstract

The aim of this work is to perform a theoretical and empirical research on the relationships between: i) financial openness, capital flows and accumulation of capital, and; ii) financial openness, capital flows and total factor productivity. The Chapter 1 does a presentation and discussion of the theoretical literature and shows that there is no consensus within the conventional approach that financial openness and capital flows stimulate the accumulation of capital and the growth of total factor productivity of developing economies. The Chapter 2, in turn, presents and discusses the empirical literature on: i) financial openness, capital flows and economic growth, and; ii) financial openness, capital flows, capital accumulation and total factor productivity. Furthermore, the chapter analyzes, using descriptive statistics, some stylized facts associated with the behavior of financial openness, capital flows, capital accumulation and total factor productivity for a set of up to 81 countries, 22 developed and 59 in development. The Chapter 3, finally, conducts an econometric research on the relationships between: i) financial openness, capital accumulation and total factor productivity, and; ii) capital flows, capital accumulation and total factor productivity. The sample includes 59 developing countries. The results suggest, in general, that: i) there is no evidence that financial openness stimulates capital accumulation or productivity growth; ii) there is no systematic evidence that the effect of financial openness on capital accumulation and productivity depends on the institutional and financial levels of development of economies; iii) there is no systematic evidence that capital flows stimulates the accumulation of capital and the productivity growth, and; iv) there are quite flimsy evidence that the effect of capital flows on capital accumulation and productivity depends on the institutional and financial development level of the countries, so that a higher level of institutional and financial development reduces the positive effect of capital flows.