Fitossociologia de três fragmentos florestais urbanos de Úberaba, Minas Gerais

Abstract

This research developed a phytosociological study of the tree community of three remaining of semideciduous forest located in Uberaba, MG: Parque Jacarandá, Mata do Ipê e Mata do Carrinho. All the individuals with circumference at breast height ≥ 15 cm, found in 60 plots of 10 x 10 m in each forest (0,6 ha in each fragment - 1,8 ha total) were identified, measured and their height was estimated. For each species were obtained the density, frequency and dominance, to make the disposition of the species and families according to the importance value (VI).The Sorensen Index was calculated to determine the similarity among the three parks. The Shannon Index (H ) was also calculated of each fragnent. At the Parque Jacarandá 113 species (97 natives and 16 exotics), 86 genera and 38 families were sampled. Fabaceae, Malvaceae and Meliaceae, and the species Nectandra cissiflora, Guarea guidonea and Copaifera langsdorffii stood out as the higher VI, with a Shannon index (H ) of 3,75. At the Mata do Ipê 87 species (81 natives and 6 exotics), 61 genera and 35 families were sampled. Fabaceae, Meliaceae and Lauraceae, and the species Unonopsis lindmanii, Piper amalago and Dendropanax cuneatum stood out as the higher VI, with a Shannon diversity index (H ) of 3,33.At the Mata do Carrinho 100 species (99 natives and 1 exotic), 75 genera and 35 families were sampled. Fabaceae, Meliaceae and Euphorbiaceae, and the species Unonopsis lindmanii, Trichilia clausseni e Sciadodendron excelsum stood out as the higher VI, with a Shannon diversity index (H ) of 3,83. Sørensen index showed a higher floristic similarity between the Mata do Ipê and the Parque Jacarandá, 61.22%. The Mata do Ipê and Mata do Carrinho had a lower similarity, 58,37%, and the Parque Jacarandá and Mata do Carrinho 56,87%.The fragments apparently more disturbed had higher similarity (Mata do Ipê and Parque Jacarandá), while the more preserved ones (Mata do Carrinho) stood out when compared to the others.The predominance of some species, and the presence of exotic species reflect an inadequate handling and show the existence of a strong anthropical influence in these fragments.