Distribuição espacial e a diferenciação de Latossolos localizados no interflúvio dos Rios Bagagem-Perdizes e entornos (MG)

Abstract

Oxisols cover approximately one third of the Brazilian territory, occurring mainly in tabular to gently convex reliefs. In Monte Carmelo (MG), this pattern is evident in the interfluve between the Bagagem and Perdizes rivers, located at the contact between the Paraná Sedimentary Basin and the Brasília Fold Belt. This study aims to understand the spatial distribution of Oxisol covers in the interfluve and differentiate representative soil profiles using morphological, mineralogical, magnetic, and morphoscopic criteria. The methodology includes morphometric mapping, morphological description, and mineralogical, magnetic, and morphoscopic analyses. Hypsometric, slope, terrain ruggedness index, and topographic position index maps allowed the recogmition of more pronounced dissection in the Bagagem River valleys than in the Perdizes River valley. Photopedology identified twelve Oxisol covers, distributed in continuous corridors across the interfluve, with a progressive reduction in thickness and extent toward the Paranaíba River. Red Oxisols predominate, along with Red-Yellow Oxisols and Ultisols. In the clay fraction of diagnostic horizons, gibbsite, kaolinite, hematite/maghemite, and goethite predominate. Magnetic analysis identified four magnetic susceptibility classes and three apparent conductivity classes. Morphoscopy allowed evaluation of sand-fraction composition, focused on dufferences in quartznpercentages. Data integration defined three geomorphological domains: Summit Tabular Surface, comprising LV-CI and LV-R; Transitional, with LVA-AE and LV-ASF; and Convex Interfluves in Dissected Forms, with LV-MTC, LV-SF, LV-C, LV-P, and CM. These results highlight the influence of relief and parent material on pedogenetic evolution and their spatial organization.