Processo de formação do pensamento de Marx

Abstract

This paper analyzes the formation of Karl Marx's thought (1818-1883), from his childhood in Trier to his involvement with the Rheinische Zeitung, highlighting the crucial moments of his intellectual trajectory. Initially, the origins of Marx's thought, rooted in the cultural environment of the Enlightenment and the progressive liberalism of his family education, are explored. Then, his transition to the academic environment of Bonn and Berlin is investigated, where the philosopher refined his critical approach under the influence of Hegelian philosophy. The examination of his doctoral thesis reveals his comparative analysis of the philosophies of Democritus and Epicurus, as well as their implications in the post-Hegelian context. Marx's work at the Rheinische Zeitung is examined, showing how his political and philosophical ideas merged into an engaged approach to the social issues of his time. Finally, this study seeks to enrich our understanding of the author's thought, warning us not to dwell on simplifications that could impair our interpretation and capacity for societal transformation.