Seleção e aplicação de peptídeos recombinantes e sintéticos obtidos por Phage display no imunodiagnóstico da estrongiloidíase humana

Abstract

Human strongyloidiasis is an important intestinal parasitic infection worldwide, 50% of infected individuals are asymptomatic, however it can cause hyper infection and dissemination in immunocompromised hosts leading to death. Early detection of the disease prevents the development of hyper infection and dissemination syndromes, so the use of an efficient diagnostic tool has great importance to identify and control this parasitic disease. Due to the lack of efficiency in parasitological and serological tests currently available to detect human strongyloidiasis it is necessary to improve immunodiagnostic tests using recombinant and synthetic antigens once there are limitations to obtain and use homologous antigens produced from the parasite. The aim of this study was to select using phage display technology Strongyloides stercoralis mimetic peptides ligands to immunoglobulin G from patients with strongyloidiasis. The PhDTM-C7C library was used in the selection process and the DNA of the selected clones was extracted, sequenced and analyzed using bioinformatics tools. ELISA tests were done by using five distinct phage clones, which presented significant similarity with proteins from S. stercoralis, and the two synthetic peptides corresponding to the sequences displayed on two phage clones. Binding specificity of each phage clone to the pool of sera from patients with strongyloidiasis was analyzed by competitive ELISA. Sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic efficiency, area under curve and likelihood ratio were calculated for each antigen. All phage clones presented high diagnostic potential achieving area under curves higher than 0.8, the C9 clone presented reasonable sensitivity (87.5%), specificity (80%) and diagnostic efficiency (82.5%).Synthetic peptides C10 and D3 showed superior diagnostic performance, with areas under the curve greater than 0.9 and excellent sensitivity (95%, 95%), specificity (86.3%, 92.5%) and diagnostic efficiency (89 2%, 93.3%) respectively. It was concluded that the selected peptides by Phage display can mimic S. stercoralis epitopes and represent promising alternative to the currently available antigens for human strongyloidiasis diagnosis.