Representações da professora na imprensa escrita: a educação feminina por meio do jornal O Repórter de Uberlândia - MG (1933-1963)

Abstract

This study proposes an analysis of the representations of teachers regarding the history of female education through the pages of the newspaper O Repórter, in the temporal cut from 1933 to 1963, period of its publication and circulation in the city of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The development of this work was based on feminist studies, issues of gender identity and theoretical assumptions of Micro-History debated at the Annales School, a movement of great relevance to the direction of historical research in the 20th century – according to the study of the newspaper of that time, such aspects allowed the recognition of stories and narratives related to the teachers, as well as their representations. From this perspective, a historical narrative about the teaching practice was established, something pertinent to the elaboration of an analysis of the historiography of education, guided on the developments of Cultural History, by noting the paths that lead to conceptions that permeate the present time, such as the debate on gender and education, in which the stories of women were considered from the restriction of access to school until the feminization of teaching. The objectives of this investigation were: to understand how the image culturally constructed over historical time was presented by this press vehicle; and identify, through historiography, the main advances and setbacks in the construction and representation of teachers. The historiographical study and the bibliographic research allowed the content analysis and materiality of the aforementioned media press, which led to chart the female itinerary in education in accord with the newspaper’s publications and articles between the 1930s and 1960s. Through the image of the teacher passed on the periodical, this study establishes the historical construction on the debate on gender and education issues, in addition to reflecting on the condition of women in a perspective of Cultural History through the representations of the teacher in the newspaper that were redefined according to the social context of that time – in this case, the publication served the “Uberlandense” elite and their conservative values and customs.