https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/5160 Fri, 26 Jun 2026 09:03:27 GMT 2026-06-26T09:03:27Z https://repositorio.ufu.br:443/retrieve/b23f12e1-21dd-4c9f-9dfa-a54c16775eee/ https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/5160 https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/48737 Title: Reversão sexual em peixes Acanthomorpha: distribuição espacial e relacional entre as comunidades Abstract: To think of sex and its associated phenotypic traits as something static, invariant, is an obsolete mentality and incoherent with the evolutionary scenarios that point to multiple origins and convergences of hermaphroditism and sexual reversal among vertebrates. Hermaphroditism is associated with genetic factors and responses to environmental and social stimuli, where phenotypic sexual expression occurs through synchronous or sequential pathways. Sex reversals are classified as protogynous, protandrous or bidirectional. Among vertebrates, the teleost fish (clade Actinopterygii) are the only group to present sex reversal as an evolutionary strategy with multiple independent origins and convergences. A more inclusive and diverse lineage within Teleostei is defined by the clade Acanthomorpha, who has the greatest diversity of sexual strategies, including the most complex sex reversal mechanisms among hermaphroditic fish. This study reviews the literature and explores the global spatial distribution of hermaphroditic bony fish allocated in the specious clade Acanthomorpha with synchronous or sequential sex reversals in marine and freshwater environments. The purpose was to compile information on hermaphroditic fish, their most frequent modes of sex reversal and their respective global geographic distributions to investigate general patterns of sexual evolution in vertebrates and the biogeographic regions that exert extraordinary influences on the structuring of hermaphrodite communities. A literature review was performated to obtain the necessary information about the hermaphroditic species in Acanthomorpha, including: the diversity of valid species, sex reversal strategies and geographic distributions in marine and freshwater biogeographic regions. All information collected was extracted from the literature by searching articles, books and museum catalogs. The geographic distributions of the species were inferred through datasets obtained from metadata repositories available online. In possession of such cleaned dataset, the spatial structuring of communities of hermaphrodite acanthomorphs was investigated using network theory with two different clustering algorithms. As a result, an extensive list was prepared with 223 hermaphroditic species, being 213 marine and 10 freshwater. Of these species, 26 are synchronous hermaphrodites and 197 are sequential hermaphrodites. Among sequential hermaphrodites, 151 are protogynous, 28 are protandrous, and 18 are serial bidirectional. Hermaphrodite acanthomorphs are widely distributed around the planet, occurring in all biogeographic realms, except Subarctic America. They are most diverse in tropic marine regions, with an extraordinary presence in shallow seas with coral reefs in the Indian Ocean (i.e., Indo-Malay and Australasian regions). There is a spatial structuring of hermaphroditic fish communities inhabiting different biogeographic realms, however the number of communities depends on the chosen algorithm. Common between the two algorithms is the existence of a community in the Americas and another distributed in the southern Eurasia, Central and Eastern Eurasia, Afrotropics, Indomalia and Oceania. The diversity of hermaphrodite acanthomorphs in Antarctica is low (e.g., 1 species), so there is no viable hypothesis on the spatial structuring in this region. Depending on the clustering algorithm, communities of hermaphroditic acanthomorphs of the Nordic seas, such as those present in the realms of Western Eurasia and Subarctic Eurasia, form independent communities or cluster with kingdoms located to the east of the planet. Wed, 30 Nov 2022 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/48737 2022-11-30T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/48726 Title: Atributos da história de vida do cachorro-do-mato (Cerdocyon thous): sazonalidade reprodutiva, tamanho de ninhada e investimento parental em uma região antropizada no Brasil Central Abstract: Life history comprises the set of organismal traits that maximize reproductive success. Attributes such as age and body size at first reproduction, litter size, and parental care are central to evolutionary trade-offs. Understanding the processes shaping these patterns in carnivorous mammals is challenging due to their elusive behavior, large home ranges, and low population densities. This study describes life-history attributes of the crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous) in Central Brazil, focusing on reproductive seasonality, litter size, and parental investment. Data were collected between 2010 and 2024 in human-modified landscapes in southeastern Goiás. The breeding season was used as a characteristic of the reproductive cycle to explore a life-history attribute, parturition, which was estimated based on records of pregnancy, lactation, and GPS radio-collar monitoring. Pups were counted when first observed outside dens, with camera traps deployed to assist in monitoring offspring. Body mass data of females and males, as well as female reproductive condition classified as primiparous or multiparous, were related to litter size. Parental investment was assessed through photographic records of adults carrying food and the simultaneous presence of adults and pups. A total of 63 records of female reproductive condition were obtained, including 23 pregnant and 40 lactating females. Pregnant females were observed between June and November, with a peak in July, whereas lactating females predominated between August and November, peaking in September. Estimates of parturition based on 14 independent records indicated events between June and September, with a mean in August, corroborating the expected reproductive seasonality. Nineteen litters were recorded, with a mean of 3,1 pups (sd = 1.6; range: 1–6). We obtained 60 records of adults with pups and 65 records of adults carrying food. Adults carrying food were observed between July and November, and family groups between December and April, indicating that pups remain with their parents for approximately nine months. The observed reproductive seasonality may be associated with greater resource availability during early life stages, which coincide with the end of the dry season and the onset of the rainy season, as well as with prolonged parental care. The description of these reproductive parameters provides robust information on the ecology of the crab-eating fox and is fundamental for understanding the diversity of reproductive strategies within the family Canidae. Additionally, the natural history data presented here contribute to understanding factors influencing population parameters of this species and those with whom it interacts, supporting conservation decision-making, particularly in anthropogenic environments. Fri, 31 Oct 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/48726 2025-10-31T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/48443 Title: Memorial Descritivo Wed, 25 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/48443 2026-02-25T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/48425 Title: Construção e utilização de projeto de Wetland indoor para mitigação dos efeitos citotóxicos de solução de bituca de cigarro Abstract: Cigarette butts are among the most common and overlooked solid waste in terms of environmental impact. Once improperly discarded, they release toxic substances such as trace metals, nicotine, tar, among others, which can cause environmental damage due to their toxicity. Considering their chemical composition and the effects they have on ecosystems, the search for sustainable solutions to this issue becomes necessary. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an indoor constructed Wetland system using the macrophyte Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth) for the phytoremediation of solutions contaminated by cigarette butts. The experiment was conducted over 37 days, using leachate solution concentrations of 25%, 50%, and 100%, in addition to a negative control (distilled water) and a reference group (leachate without plants). The development of the plants in the system was monitored weekly through parameters such as weight measurement, bulb diameter measurement, bulb count, and individual flowering. Analyses were carried out before and after phytoremediation, including tests of physicochemical parameters (using a multiparameter probe) and bioassays with Allium cepa [test methodology based on Fiskesjö (1985) and slide preparation according to Guerra (2002)]. After treatment in the Wetland system, a significant improvement was observed in all physicochemical parameters, including increased dissolved oxygen and redox potential, reduced electrical conductivity and total dissolved solids, as well as an improvement in solution pH. The A. cepa results showed that after treatment in the wetland system, there was an increase in root length, a rise in the mitotic index, and a significant reduction in nuclear and chromosomal alterations, as well as in the frequency of micronuclei. It is concluded that phytoremediation using Eichhornia crassipes in an indoor wetland system is an effective and low-cost alternative for mitigating the environmental impacts caused by the improper disposal of cigarette butts, with the choice of water hyacinth justified by its high capacity for absorbing toxic compounds and rapid growth, characteristics confirmed in this study. Thu, 24 Apr 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/48425 2025-04-24T00:00:00Z