https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/5143 Thu, 23 Jul 2026 04:58:38 GMT 2026-07-23T04:58:38Z https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/48958 Title: A abusividade e os golpes existentes nos contratos de empréstimo consignado e nos cartões de crédito consignado para idosos Abstract: Payroll-deductible loans have become one of the main lending modalities in Brazil, especially among retirees and pensioners of the INSS, due to ease of repayment and attractive interest rates. However, their practice has revealed abuses and scams targeting the elderly population, who often exhibit informational insufficiency and vulnerability in relation to financial institutions. The aim of this research is to analyze the abusiveness and fraudulent practices present in payroll-deductible loan contracts and payroll credit cards directed at the elderly, as well as recent decisions by Brazilian courts on the subject. The research methodology was bibliographic in nature, based on the analysis of books, scientific articles, and institutional reports, allowing for an understanding of the legal, social, and economic aspects related to the vulnerability of the elderly against abusive practices in payroll-deductible credit. Based on this, studies on the expansion of payroll-deductible credit, the vulnerability of the elderly population, the most common scams and frauds, as well as the social and financial impacts of these practices, were analyzed. The discussion highlighted the importance of transparency in financial operations and financial education for elderly consumers. The analysis revealed that the elderly are particularly vulnerable to contractual abuses and frauds, especially in complex products such as payroll credit cards. The lack of adequate information and the difficulty in understanding contracts facilitate financial exploitation, reinforcing the need for preventive measures and consumer awareness. Effective protection depends on financial education policies, greater transparency by financial institutions, and preventive mechanisms that ensure the dignity and safety of elderly consumers. Mon, 02 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/48958 2026-03-02T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/48945 Title: O Legal Design como ferramenta de otimização e efetividade de programas de compliance em direitos humanos nas estratégias empresariais de ESG Abstract: This paper is grounded in the problem that human rights compliance programs and their mechanisms, such as the establishment of internal regulations, policies, and codes within organizations, as well as the adoption of whistleblowing channels, are not, in all contexts, truly effective within the framework of ESG (Environmental, Social and Governance) corporate strategies. This ineffectiveness stems from the formalism and technicality involved, which hinder their implementation and adherence by employees and other stakeholders, or from an interface that was not properly designed with the user experience in mind. In this context, the research aims to investigate, through a deductive methodological approach and centered on a literature review, the application of Legal Design as a tool for optimizing and improving the effectiveness of human rights compliance programs, particularly with regard to the social (S) and governance (G) pillars of ESG. Therefore, the proposed study initially presents concepts and analytical frameworks related to ESG, the integration between business and human rights, and compliance, in order to examine the application of Legal Design in two dimensions: I. the preventive action of compliance against human rights violations; and II. the detection of such violations. As a result, the research concludes that Legal Design, with its human-centered approach, enables the development of organizational policies, regulations, internal codes, and whistleblowing channels that are more accessible, clear, usable, interactive, and assertive for their users, thus constituting a tool capable of optimizing and making human rights compliance more effective. Tue, 24 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/48945 2026-02-24T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/48940 Title: A relação entre violência doméstica e maus-tratos aos animais: a omissão do Estado na proteção integral do núcleo familiar. Thu, 05 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/48940 2026-03-05T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/48918 Title: Entre direitos fundamentais e justiça socioambiental: o direito à saúde mental de refugiados ambientais no Brasil sob a ótica do Sistema Interamericano de Direitos Humanos Abstract: En el contexto del Antropoceno, la intensificación de los desastres socioambientales y de los cambios climáticos ha provocado el desplazamiento forzado de poblaciones vulnerables, generando rupturas territoriales, comunitarias e identitarias que producen profundos impactos psicosociales, aún ampliamente invisibilizados por las políticas públicas y por el marco normativo brasileño. Ante este escenario, la presente disertación tiene como objetivo general investigar en qué medida el derecho a la salud mental de los refugiados ambientales es reconocido y protegido por el Estado brasileño, así como analizar la compatibilidad de este aparato jurídico-institucional con las obligaciones internacionales asumidas en el ámbito del SIDH. De manera específica, se busca examinar el empleo de terminologías y conceptos correlatos a los “refugiados ambientales” en el aparato normativo brasileño; identificar la existencia de normativas y directrices orientadas a la salud mental en contextos de desplazamiento ambiental forzado; examinar la actuación estatal a partir del estudio de caso del rompimiento de la represa de Fundão, en Mariana (MG); y confrontar la práctica brasileña con los parámetros interamericanos, a la luz de la jurisprudencia de la Corte Interamericana y de la teoría de la justicia tridimensional de Nancy Fraser. La investigación adopta un enfoque cualitativo, basado en el análisis bibliográfico y documental. Los resultados evidencian la inexistencia de un marco normativo específico que reconozca al refugiado ambiental como categoría jurídica en Brasil, lo que contribuye a la invisibilidad institucional de estas poblaciones y a la ausencia de protocolos propios de atención psicosocial. En el caso de Mariana, se identificó además una omisión estatal relevante, caracterizada por la delegación de la atención en salud mental a fundaciones privadas financiadas por las empresas responsables del desastre, generando conflictos de interés y procesos de revictimización. A la luz del SIDH, se concluye que la ausencia de medidas estatales específicas dirigidas a la salud mental de los refugiados ambientales viola el deber de garantía previsto en la Convención Americana, exponiendo al Estado brasileño a un riesgo de responsabilización internacional. Por último, se sostiene la necesidad de la creación de un estatuto jurídico propio para el reconocimiento de los refugiados ambientales en el ordenamiento brasileño y la pertinencia de la solicitud de una opinión consultiva a la CIDH, como forma de densificar las obligaciones estatales y fortalecer la tutela jurídica de la salud mental en contextos de desplazamiento ambiental forzado. Mon, 02 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/48918 2026-02-02T00:00:00Z