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Tomografia de impedância elétrica e sua aplicabilidade em unidades de terapia intensiva neonatal: revisão de escopo

Fri, 24 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Tomografia de impedância elétrica e sua aplicabilidade em unidades de terapia intensiva neonatal: revisão de escopo Abstract: Introduction: Advances in neonatal intensive care have increased the survival of newborns—particularly extremely preterm infants—while simultaneously raising the incidence of respiratory morbidities and the need for individualized ventilation strategies. In this context, monitoring respiratory mechanics is crucial for optimizing mechanical ventilation and minimizing ventilator-associated lung injury in neonates admitted to intensive care units (ICUs). Although effective, traditional technologies may have limitations regarding the early detection of pulmonary complications and the personalization of ventilatory support. Consequently, various emerging technologies have been developed to enhance this monitoring. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) has emerged as a promising tool, offering real-time, non-invasive, and radiation-free imaging that enables the dynamic adjustment of ventilatory parameters. Despite technical and operational limitations, its use in neonatology is expanding due to its potential to improve the safety and efficacy of respiratory management. Therefore, this study aims to map and analyze scientific evidence regarding the applicability of EIT in neonates admitted to NICUs, identifying the most commonly used EIT functional parameters, the adverse effects and benefits of EIT use, and its contributions. Methods: This scoping review was conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidelines, the PRISMA-ScR checklist, and the published protocol. Searches were performed in the PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases. Clinical and observational studies evaluating the use of EIT in neonates in NICUs—published in English, Spanish, or Portuguese, with no date restrictions—were eligible for inclusion. Two independent reviewers performed study screening, selection, and data extraction, with a third reviewer resolving any conflicts. Data were extracted, descriptively synthesized, and categorized according to the review questions. Although not a requirement for a scoping review, an assessment of the methodological quality of the included studies was conducted to support the interpretation of findings and contextualize the robustness of the evidence. Results: Nineteen studies—predominantly observational—were included, investigating the use of EIT in neonates admitted to ICUs requiring respiratory support. EIT was primarily used to assess regional ventilation distribution and monitor lung volume, track the impact of interventions on lung aeration, and optimize ventilator settings in critically ill neonates. Changes in impedance and expiratory lung volume were the main parameters evaluated by EIT in the neonatal population. Final considerations: Overall, the studies highlighted the potential of EIT as a tool for the dynamic, non-invasive, bedside assessment of lung function. Compared to traditional methods, EIT offers a real-time, regional assessment of pulmonary ventilation, overcoming the limitations of static approaches based on global measurements. However, transitioning EIT from research to routine clinical practice in neonatal ICUs depends on overcoming methodological and structural barriers, such as limited spatial resolution, high costs, and the need for specialized staff training. Added to this are the absence of standardized reference values for the neonatal population and the lack of consensus among centers regarding image acquisition and interpretation protocols, which hinders the comparison of results and large-scale validation.

Efeitos do feedback extrínseco no desempenho tático de jogadores de futebol em jogos reduzidos

Thu, 26 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Efeitos do feedback extrínseco no desempenho tático de jogadores de futebol em jogos reduzidos Abstract: This study investigated the effects of verbal feedback and combined verbal plus video feedback on the tactical performance of soccer players in small-sided games. Thirty-six male athletes aged 14 to 18 years (M = 15.82 ± 0.97), competing in the U-15 to U-18 categories of a club from the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, participated in the study. An experimental design with pre-test, intervention, and post-test phases was adopted. The pre-test was conducted at an initial time point, whereas the intervention and post-test were carried out sequentially at a later stage. Participants were assigned to either a Verbal Feedback Group (VFG) or a Verbal plus Video Feedback Group (VVFG). Feedback was provided at two moments during each game performed in the intervention phase. Tactical performance was assessed using the System of Tactical Assessment in Soccer (FUT-SAT), and data were analyzed using mixed-design analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures, considering feedback type and time as factors (p < .05). The results demonstrated superior performance in the Overall, Offensive, and Defensive Tactical Performance Indices for the VVFG. It can be concluded that verbal feedback combined with video enhances tactical performance in small-sided soccer games.

Aprendizagem motora em crianças e adolescentes: efeitos aditivos da autonomia, expectativa aumentada para o desempenho e foco de atenção

Fri, 27 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Aprendizagem motora em crianças e adolescentes: efeitos aditivos da autonomia, expectativa aumentada para o desempenho e foco de atenção Abstract: The aim of the present study was to investigate the additive effects of autonomy, enhanced performance expectancy, and an external focus of attention on learning the golf putting task in children and adolescents. A total of 60 children (10–12 years old) and 60 adolescents (15–17 years old) participated and were randomly assigned to four groups: OPTIMAL children group, Control children group, OPTIMAL adolescents group, and Control adolescents group (G4). The study was divided into four phases: pre-test (10 trials), acquisition (60 trials), retention, and transfer (10 trials each, conducted 24 hours after acquisition). During the acquisition phase, the OPTIMAL groups received external focus instructions, autonomy support through ball choice, and positive social-comparative feedback, whereas the control groups practiced without these manipulations. Performance was assessed using radial error. Intrinsic motivation was measured after the pre-test and acquisition phases, and self-efficacy was assessed throughout practice and prior to the learning tests. The results indicated performance improvement during acquisition across all groups. In the retention test, adolescents in the OPTIMAL group demonstrated superior performance compared to the control group, whereas no significant differences were observed between the children’s groups. Additionally, the OPTIMAL groups showed higher levels of selfefficacy. It is concluded that the effects of the variables proposed by OPTIMAL Theory on motor learning appear to be age-dependent, being more evident in adolescents.

Ativação da Musculatura de Tronco e Coxa durante Agachamentos Unipodais em Mulheres com Dor Femoropatelar

Thu, 29 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Ativação da Musculatura de Tronco e Coxa durante Agachamentos Unipodais em Mulheres com Dor Femoropatelar Abstract: The objective was to evaluate the muscle activity of the hip and knee stabilizers during different variations of the single-leg squat in females with and without Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFP). This is a cross-sectional study in which 80 active female volunteers, aged 18-30 years, were evaluated and divided into two groups: PFP and Control. All volunteers underwent a physiotherapy assessment prior to electromyographic evaluation of the Internal Oblique (IO) and External Oblique (EO) muscles, bilaterally, quadriceps, and gluteus medius (GMed), during a single-leg squat held for 6 seconds; the squats evaluated were: conventional single-leg squat (SLS), squat with the use of a flexi-bar (SLS-Flexibar), and squat using an elastic band on the upper limbs (SLS-ELAS). The comparison between groups was performed using the independent t-test, and for the comparison between exercises, a one-way repeated measures ANOVA test was used, both with a significance level of 5%. The comparison between groups showed greater activation of the gluteus maximus (GMed) in the SLS-Flexi-bar and SLS-ELAS exercises in the PFP group compared to the control group. Regarding the comparison between exercises, in the PFPS group, an increase in quadriceps and GMed activation was observed during the AGAFlexi-bar and AGA-ELAS exercises compared to the AGA, with the AGA-Flexi-bar being superior to the AGA-ELAS. Therefore, the use of the Flexi-bar during single-leg squats is suggested to increase the activation of the knee and hip stabilizer muscles in the treatment of female individuals PFP.