https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/18923 Wed, 12 Aug 2026 03:41:36 GMT 2026-08-12T03:41:36Z https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/49317 Title: Determinantes do conservadorismo contábil em clubes de futebol brasileiros: efeitos da alavancagem e da restrição financeira Abstract: This study investigates the determinants of accounting conservatism in Brazilian football clubs, with a focus on the effects of financial leverage and financial constraints, taking into account the institutional specificities of an environment marked by governance weaknesses, regulatory capture, and the coexistence of member-owned clubs and Football Joint-Stock Companies. Grounded in Agency Theory, Positive Accounting Theory, and Regulatory Capture Theory, the research engages with the international literature on accounting conservatism and financial regulation in sport— particularly evidence from European leagues—while critically examining its applicability to the Brazilian context. The sample comprises 36 clubs that competed in Brazil’s Série A championship between 2010 and 2024, totaling 457 club-year observations. Accounting conservatism is measured using the accruals-based proxy proposed by Givoly and Hayn (2000). The empirical strategy employs panel data regressions with an unbalanced panel and two-way fixed effects, with robust standard errors clustered at the club level. Financial leverage is measured as the ratio of total liabilities to total assets, while financial constraints are captured through financial distress models, notably the G-Score proposed by Grover and Lavin (2001). Robustness tests include alternative performance measures and the substitution of the financial distress model (Zmijewski, 1984). The results indicate that both financial leverage and financial constraints are associated with lower levels of accounting conservatism, contradicting the positive relationship predicted by the classical contracting literature. The analysis of moderation by governance structure, represented by the adoption of the SAF model, does not provide robust evidence of changes in these effects. These findings are consistent with national studies documenting high accounting discretion and institutional limitations in Brazilian football (Nascimento et al., 2015), and contrast with international evidence observed in environments with stronger regulatory enforcement (Pujiono et al., 2023). It is concluded that, in the context of Brazilian football clubs, accounting conservatism does not operate predominantly as an endogenous disciplinary mechanism, but rather is shaped by institutional weaknesses that constrain its informational and contractual roles. Fri, 27 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/49317 2026-02-27T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/48881 Title: Caminhando sobre o teto de vidro: a trajetória de auditoras do setor público e privado brasileiro Abstract: Auditing in the public and private sectors is related to the verification and reliability of accounting and operational information, being an activity present in different types of organizations. In recent years, there has been an increase in female participation in this field; however, the presence of women in leadership positions remains limited. This context is associated with organizational, institutional, and social barriers, discussed in the literature through the theoretical lens of the Glass Ceiling. In view of this scenario, the general objective of the study is to investigate the trajectories of women who hold leadership positions in public and private auditing, identifying the barriers faced and the opportunities experienced that led them to overcome the Glass Ceiling. To achieve this objective, the research adopted a qualitative approach, interpretivist in nature, with a descriptive purpose. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with women auditors in leadership positions in Brazil, especially at the Federal Court of Accounts (TCU) and in companies from the Big Four group. The results indicate that the trajectories of women in leadership roles in public and private auditing were built gradually, marked by structural and symbolic barriers related to motherhood, the reconciliation of work and personal life, a male-dominated organizational culture, and the recurrent need to prove competence. The opportunities identified are related to technical performance, institutional recognition, participation in strategic projects, and support from professional networks. The overcoming of the Glass Ceiling occurred progressively, sustained by persistence, dedication, experiential learning, and professional and personal support, even in the face of the persistence of organizational barriers. The study contributes theoretically by deepening the understanding of the Glass Ceiling in the field of Brazilian auditing. As a practical contribution, the findings provide input for people management in identifying barriers and opportunities related to the promotion of gender equity in leadership positions. The social contribution lies in making visible the experiences and challenges faced by women auditors. Thu, 19 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/48881 2026-02-19T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/48713 Title: Burocracia representativa no serviço público federal: uma discussão de sua manifestação a partir do perfil e perspectiva de técnicos administrativos em educação Abstract: Considering the assumptions of the Theory of Representative Bureaucracy, according to which the composition of the public service should reflect social diversity, this study aimed to analyze the passive and active representation among administrative and technical staff working in accounting-related positions at the Federal University of Uberlândia, considering the social markers of gender, race, and disability. The study is grounded in the understanding that diversity within bureaucratic structures constitutes a relevant element for democratic legitimacy and for the responsiveness of public institutions to social demands, based on the theoretical contributions of Kingsley (1944), Mosher (1968), and Meier (1975). Methodologically, a mixed-methods paproach was adopted. Initially, a survey of the demographic and professional profile of administrative and technical staff in the investigated institutions was conducted using administrative data, considering variables such as gender, race/color, disability, and entry through affirmative action policies. Additionally, a qualitative analysis on representativeness and inclusion was developed, focusing on professionals working in accounting-related positions, with the Federal University of Uberlândia defined as the empirical locus of the study. The results indicate progress in access to public service for marginalized groups, but also reveal the limits of passive representation and the persistence of institutional asymmetries. It is concluded that bureaucratic representativeness depends on institutional conditions that enable the transformation of numerical presence into effective inclusion practices. As a contribution, this study advances the discussion on representative bureaucracy by focusing on an occupational group that remains underexplored in the literature, integrating demographic data with the perceptions of accounting professionals, and offering insights for institutional reflections on diversity, inclusion, and personnel management in federal higher education institutions. Thu, 26 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/48713 2026-02-26T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/48689 Title: Comportamento da utilização dos recursos discricionários nas universidades federais do estado de Minas Gerais no período de 2012 a 2024 Abstract: This study analyzed the relative technical efficiency of federal universities in the state of Minas Gerais in the use of current discretionary expenditures from 2012 to 2024. Given the context of fiscal constraints and the need to improve the use of public resources, the study sought to examine how these institutions convert discretionary inputs into academic results. The research adopted a quantitative and descriptive-comparative approach, using the university-year as the unit of analysis, totaling 143 DMUs. To measure efficiency, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA-BCC), output-oriented, was employed, complemented by the analysis of benchmarks, targets, slacks, and institutional size segmentation. The results indicated a concentration of efficiency scores at high levels but also revealed relevant differences among the units when composite normalized efficiency was considered, as it showed greater discriminatory power. The efficient frontier was also concentrated in a small number of reference units, suggesting the recurrence of specific benchmarks in the projection of inefficient DMUs. The analysis of targets and slacks showed that inefficiency is explained not only by insufficient results, but also by mismatches between the resource structure mobilized and the performance achieved. In addition, the findings showed that larger institutional size and greater volume of resources do not necessarily imply better relative performance. As a contribution, the study broadens the interpretation of university efficiency by articulating scores, references, and projected adjustments, offering analytical support for management and resource allocation in public higher education. Fri, 27 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/48689 2026-02-27T00:00:00Z