DSpace Collection:

Análise biométrica de sementes e frutos em diferentes matrizes de jatobá-do-cerrado

2025-12-16T00:00:00Z

Title: Análise biométrica de sementes e frutos em diferentes matrizes de jatobá-do-cerrado Abstract: The Cerrado Jatobá (Hymenaea stigonocarpa) is a species of great ecological and socioeconomic importance, suitable for restoration and with commercial potential. This study aimed to evaluate biometric characteristics of fruits and seeds from 22 H. stigonocarpa mother trees in Monte Carmelo, MG, Brazil. The 30 largest fruits and the 30 largest seeds from each mother tree were evaluated for weight, length, width, thickness, and number of seeds per fruit. The data were subjected to analysis of variance, and the means were compared using the Scott-Knott test (5%). Wide variability was observed among fruits and seeds. For the fruits, weight showed the greatest range (14.98 to 161.64 g; CV = 30%) and length the smallest (10.13 to 17.20 cm; CV = 16%). For the seeds, thickness was the most variable (3.25 to 25.03 mm; CV = 21%) and length the least variable (13.33 to 28.91 mm; CV = 8%). There was a significant difference between the matrices for all characteristics (p < 0.05). Matrix 13 stood out for fruit characteristics, while matrix 14 excelled in the number of seeds per fruit. For the seeds, matrices 7 and 9 were in the first or second groups for all variables. The variability in the biometric characteristics of the fruits and seeds among the jatobá-do-cerrado matrices indicated strong potential for possible selection of superior characteristics. New analyses have been conducted and are underway to estimate the genetic parameters of the evaluated characteristics, the correlation between the evaluated characters, and to assist in seed collection strategies and seedling production of the species.

Alterações das propriedades físicas da madeira de Apuleia leiocarpa pela termorretificação

2025-08-27T00:00:00Z

Title: Alterações das propriedades físicas da madeira de Apuleia leiocarpa pela termorretificação Abstract: The importance of wood and its diverse applications has been widely discussed. With the rapid advancement of technology, it is now possible to alter wood properties without the use of chemical compounds that may be harmful to fauna and flora. Thermal modification is one such method, involving high-temperature treatment that reduces the wood's hygroscopicity—its ability to absorb moisture from the air. This process enhances durability, reduces susceptibility to fungal attacks, and improves dimensional stability. This study investigates the thermal modification effects on Apuleia leiocarpa (commonly known as Garapa), a widely utilized wood species in Brazil. Samples were subjected to thermal treatment at three different temperatures: 103°C (used for standard drying over 24 hours), 170°C, and 200°C. These samples were divided into two groups: with fiber orientation and without fiber orientation, and were treated for 5 hours. Although thermal modification is still not widely adopted in Brazil, there is growing interest among companies in improving material processing methods by avoiding chemical usage, thereby reducing costs and promoting environmental sustainability. This research aims to contribute to the understanding of thermal modification effects on Apuleia leiocarpa, and to assess whether this method yields beneficial results for industrial applications.

Raio X da adequação ambiental: Um diagnóstico da lei florestal nos imóveis rurais de Monte Carmelo, Minas Gerais

2025-09-11T00:00:00Z

Title: Raio X da adequação ambiental: Um diagnóstico da lei florestal nos imóveis rurais de Monte Carmelo, Minas Gerais Abstract: This study aimed to conduct an exploratory analysis of geospatial data to assess the suitability of rural properties declared in the CAR (Rural Environmental Registry) of the municipality of Monte Carmelo, Minas Gerais, following the guidelines of the Forest Code (Law 12.651/2012). This analysis helps rural producers and the state of Minas Gerais understand the need for land restoration and supports forest restoration strategies in the municipality. Databases from SiCAR and MapBiomas were used. The overlap between rural properties, land use and land cover conflicts within protected areas on the properties, namely Permanent Preservation Areas (APP) and Legal Reserves (RL), and the size of these properties were analyzed to determine the profile of the rural properties and the conservation status of their protected natural areas. Area overlap metrics were calculated using QGIS® software. The analyses revealed that 10.76% of the property polygons overlap areas in SiCAR. The area in non-compliance with the legislation was 63.83% (APPs) and 68.56% (RLs). Since forest restoration actions must prioritize areas in conflict with the Forestry Legislation, the information found in this study provides technical support for prioritizing areas for recovery according to Law 12.651/2012 in the municipality.

Famílias de Hymenoptera parasitoides associadas ao cafeeiro em sistemas agroflorestais sintrópicos no Triângulo Mineiro

2025-09-17T00:00:00Z

Title: Famílias de Hymenoptera parasitoides associadas ao cafeeiro em sistemas agroflorestais sintrópicos no Triângulo Mineiro Abstract: Coffee cultivation plays a strategic role in Brazilian agribusiness, particularly in Minas Gerais, which accounts for 1.86 million hectares under production. Syntropic agroforestry systems (SAFs), based on ecological succession and stratification, represent a sustainable alternative to conventional coffee cultivation while adding value to the product. Agricultural crops in SAFs can benefit from the presence of natural enemies, such as parasitoids, which exploit resources provided by the agroforestry environment. This study aimed to estimate and compare the diversity of Hymenoptera parasitoid families associated with two syntropic agroforestry coffee systems in the Cerrado Mineiro region. The study areas consisted of a syntropic agroforestry system in Monte Carmelo (SAFMC, 0.12 ha) and another in Estrela do Sul (SAFES, 0.30 ha), both cultivating different varieties of Arabica coffee [Coffea arabica L. (Rubiaceae)]. Bimonthly collections were carried out from September 2022 to March 2023 using Moericke traps installed along three coffee rows, with nine sampling points per area. Each point contained two traps mounted on bamboo stakes at 0.5 m and 1.0 m above ground level, filled with a preservative solution (water, detergent, and salt) and exposed for 48 hours. Collected material was sorted and identified at the family level. Abundance was compared using PAST software, and faunistic indices were analyzed with ANAFAU. The abundance of Hymenoptera parasitoids differed significantly between the two systems (Student’s t test, p = 8.35 × 10⁻⁵; α = 5%; n = 18). In SAFMC, 207 individuals were recorded (26.2%), while SAFES yielded 584 individuals (73.8%). In both areas, the most representative families were Encyrtidae, Diapriidae, Mymaridae, Platygastridae, and Ceraphronidae, together accounting for more than 65% of the specimens. In SAFMC, Ceraphronidae (18.4%), Encyrtidae (15.5%), Mymaridae (12.1%), and Platygastridae (11.1%) were predominant, very frequent, and very abundant, while Eulophidae and Trichogrammatidae also stood out as frequent and constant families. In SAFES, Encyrtidae (33.4%) and Diapriidae (17.8%) predominated, both classified as very frequent and very abundant. Encyrtidae, Braconidae, and Eulophidae were particularly relevant for the biological control of coffee pests, with exclusive occurrences of Eupelmidae in SAFMC and Bethylidae in SAFES. Therefore, syntropic agroforestry systems favor the conservation of parasitoid Hymenoptera and stand out as a sustainable strategy for the integrated pest management of coffee.