https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/18947 2026-07-17T01:25:13Z https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/48874 Title: Relação de consumo e Marketing de Influência: deveres jurídicos dos influenciadores digitais na veiculação de publicidade nas redes sociais Abstract: With the advent of social media platforms, the digital environment has become fertile ground for the emergence and rise of influential individuals who attract an audience interested in what they say, do, consume, and disseminate. These are digital influencers, a key component in the machinery of the current consumer market, who assume the position of opinion leaders and protagonists in marketing strategies. They are both actors and vehicles of advertising. In this sense, they lend credibility to the brands they advertise and influence the choices of their followers, whose protection is based on the consumer protection microsystem. However, Law No. 8.078/1990, which governs this protective system, predates the phenomenon of digital influencers, and to date, there is no specific legislation regulating the actions of these personalities. Therefore, the objective of this work is to analyze the legal duties of digital influencers, from the perspective of consumer protection, in the dissemination of advertising content on social media. The research is exploratory in nature and uses the deductive method. Scientific production develops through a qualitative approach, focusing on aspects of this influence, how products and services are advertised, the impact of these communications on users' beliefs and behaviors, and the legal framework of advertising. Thus, throughout the text, it is observed that digital influencers are considered equivalent suppliers and their conduct must be guided by the legitimate expectations aroused in the audience. It is noted that, associated with the principles of advertising identification, information, truthfulness, and non-abusiveness, are the principles of objective good faith and the protection of trust. Therefore, when disseminating advertising, they must act with responsibility, diligence, loyalty, and consistency. 2026-02-23T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/48868 Title: Entre riscos e algoritmos: uma proposta ética e prospectiva para os possíveis danos provocados por sistemas de inteligência artificial e perspectivas regulatórias Abstract: Artificial intelligence systems equipped with self-learning mechanisms and deep learning neural networks, especially after the popularization of generative systems, have been increasingly dominating diverse spheres of work, health, leisure, and human development. Based on specific input data, algorithms dictate the rules of learning and interaction with the environment and, from that point onward, it may no longer be possible to control output data or the potential risks the system may present. Moreover, artificial intelligence systems are endowed with mechanisms of continuous self-improvement, and it is precisely at this point that the central question of this work arises: would it be possible to apply the notion of development risks to defects displayed by artificial intelligence systems? Could suppliers of artificial intelligence systems be held liable for risks not yet known, arising from the self-learning (machine learning) and deep learning characteristics of these systems? The research hypothesis is grounded on the principle of safety as an essential value for any society and as a cornerstone of the liability framework established by the Brazilian Consumer Defense Code, thereby ensuring a more solid basis of trust and reducing complexities in the field of tort law. In a context marked by excessive enthusiasm surrounding automation and the acceleration of processes, as well as the algorithmic optimization of profitable outcomes, it is imperative to reflect on liability for damages. Accordingly, this study begins with an overview of artificial intelligence and its relevance in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, in order to map certain abusive practices and possible unjust harms that justify the need to protect consumers in an era of artificial intelligence characterized by risks and uncertainties. It then proceeds to analyze the theory of development risk and its relationship with autonomous systems endowed with artificial intelligence. The general objective of the research is to focus on potential violations of fundamental rights caused by artificial intelligence systems equipped with self-learning models, and to analyze the feasibility of applying legal instruments already available in the Brazilian legal system to prevent unjust harm. More specifically, it explores the sustainability of a proactive liability model and risk management approach. The research employs the hypothetical-deductive method and theoretical-bibliographic investigation. In the end, the concluding remarks will present an overall panorama of the investigation, at which point the study aims to clarify the results achieved through the path taken by the research. 2026-02-27T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/48773 Title: O processo estrutural na execução penal: análise das políticas penitenciárias formuladas no plano pena justa do CNJ Abstract: The Brazilian prison system faces persistent precariousness, marked by overcrowding and systematic violations of fundamental rights, which led to the recognition of a “State of Unconstitutional Affairs” (Estado de Coisas Inconstitucional – ECI) by the Federal Supreme Court in ADPF 347. Against this backdrop, this dissertation examines the gap between the formulation of national public policies (particularly the Pena Justa Plan) and the actual implementation capacity of the Federative Units (UFs). The theoretical framework mobilizes Claus Roxin’s teleological functionalism, the literature on state capacities, and the paradigm of structural judicial review. The methodological approach is qualitative, structured as a single embedded case study, centered on the development of the Statistical-Institutional Capacity Index (ICEI), a structured qualitative assessment tool designed to gauge the “demonstrative capacity” of the 27 UFs based on three operational rubrics: continuous documentary records, quantitative and qualitative databases, and the public dissemination of actions with auditable metrics. The empirical basis encompasses 564 documentary files. The results indicate a concentration of UFs in the medium and high statistical-institutional capacity strata, revealing a minimum level of responsiveness induced by external pressures. However, informational maturity does not, by itself, ensure the material implementation of the established goals. The intersection between the ICEI and the admissibility opinions issued by the Department of Monitoring and Oversight (DMF/CNJ) enabled the construction of five analytical typologies (A to E). Partial formal adherence was observed in most UFs, characterized by a “universal negative finding”: insufficient budgetary detailing, which projects a risk of “symbolic accountability,” converting state plans into “letters of intent” without material traction. The research concludes that the effectiveness of the structural process in criminal enforcement depends on an indivisible triad of capacities: informational (data), decisional (governance), and material (budget). In this context, numerus clausus and the “prison occupancy clearance” (habite-se prisional) emerge as consequences of the material exhaustion of the current model. Finally, the dissertation proposes further studies on the role of the Federal Prosecution Service (Ministério Público Federal) in fostering intersectoral arrangements and bottom-up solutions to overcome administrative isolation and promote constitutional compliance. 2026-02-23T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/48738 Title: A construção do direito pelo silêncio: um estudo a respeito da legitimidade do controle judicial em casos de omissão Abstract: La presente disertación investiga la compleja intersección entre la inercia del Poder Legislativo y la actuación del Poder Judicial en el escenario constitucional contemporáneo. El problema de investigación central reside en la indagación sobre hasta qué punto es legítima la intervención del Supremo Tribunal Federal para suplir omisiones legislativas, buscando identificar los parámetros técnicos que garanticen que dicha actuación no desnaturalice la separación de poderes. El trabajo busca desvelar si el Poder Judicial, al romper el silencio de la ley, actúa como un usurpador de la voluntad popular o como un garante de la integridad democrática y de los derechos fundamentales. La metodología adoptada se fundamenta en el método hipotético- deductivo, partiendo de premisas teóricas sobre el constitucionalismo y la democracia para testear su aplicación en casos concretos. En términos de construcción teórica, la disertación se apoya en argumentos no deductivos y en argumentos de autoridad; en lugar de buscar certezas lógicas, el trabajo moviliza inferencias plausibles extraídas del diálogo crítico con autores consagrados, cuya referencia y análisis sirven para extraer conceptos generalizadores, criterios y matrices interpretativas. Esta estrategia metodológica es coherente con la lógica de la teoría y de la ciencia del derecho, pues organiza el fenómeno jurídico (sintaxis), ofrece orientaciones hermenéuticas y normativas (semántica) y produce patrones decisorios persuasivos y operativos para la actuación judicial en casos de omisión (pragmática). La investigación es, por lo tanto, de naturaleza cualitativa, utilizando una revisión bibliográfica exhaustiva aliada a este enfoque teórico-constructivo. El marco teórico se inicia con el análisis de la tensión entre el Estado de Derecho centrado en derechos y el pragmatismo jurídico, donde se propone la superación del modelo clásico del "juez Hércules", caracterizado por una postura solitaria y moralista, en favor de un modelo inspirado en "Hermes". Este último, en cuanto mensajero y mediador, se rige por la Revisión Judicial Responsiva, teoría que sugiere que la Corte debe actuar para desbloquear los canales de comunicación democrática cuando estos se encuentran obstruidos por patologías institucionales o inercia deliberada. Para delimitar esta actuación, el trabajo establece tres métricas de legitimidad fundamentales: la justificación externa de la teoría de la argumentación jurídica, el principio de proporcionalidad y el análisis de la capacidad institucional. Esta última evalúa si el Tribunal posee la pericia técnica y funcional necesaria para decidir sobre temas policéntricos y complejos que involucran la asignación de recursos e impactos sociales profundos. El "test de realidad" se conduce a través de tres estudios de caso paradigmáticos que ejemplifican diferentes grados de tensión institucional. En última instancia, el trabajo concluye que el silencio legislativo no debe interpretarse como un espacio vacío de derecho, sino como un llamado para que la jurisdicción constitucional ejerza su papel deliberativo, siempre que se respeten las competencias de las demás instituciones y la necesidad de una fundamentación técnica y democrática rigurosa. 2026-02-23T00:00:00Z