https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/5498 2026-04-15T08:23:40Z 2026-04-15T08:23:40Z https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/48622 2026-04-10T06:18:06Z 2026-03-19T00:00:00Z

Title: A participação popular no planejamento urbano: uma análise a partir de teses e dissertações acadêmicas Abstract: This dissertation aims to analyse popular participation in Brazilian urban planning based on the academic production of master’s theses and doctoral dissertations, seeking to identify to which participatory processes have effectively contributed to social empowerment and the democratization of urban governance more than two decades after the enactment of the City Statute. The investigation is grounded in a critical perspective on urban planning, anchored in the debate on the right to the city, the social function of property, and democratic Governance, understanding popular participation as a political practice situated in contexts marked by power disputes and structural inequalities. The theoretical and methodological framework of the research is based on content analysis as proposed by Bardin, adopting a qualitative and interpretative approach aimed identifying meanings, patterns, and contradictions in academic discourses. The research corpus of theses and dissertations developed across different fields of knowledge and territorial contexts, enabling a comparative and relational reading of the scientific production on popular participation in urban planning in Brazil. The study articulates thematic, categorical, and co-occurrence analysis, techniques, allowing the identification of key meaning clusters, forms of institutionalization of participation, and differentiated levels of society influence on urban decision-making processes. The findings indicate that although popular participation is widely recognized as a central normative principle of Brazilian urban planning, its effectiveness remains limited in most cases. Participatory processes are predominantly formal and consultative, often used to legitimize previously defined decisions, with a reduced capacity to redistribute decision-making power. At the same time, academic production highlights relevant indirect effects, such as the strengthening of citizenship, the expansion of political awareness, and the formation of social mobilization networks, suggesting that popular participation also functions as an educational and formative practice. It is concluded that popular participation in urban planning holds transformative potential but faces constraints associated with institutional fragility, the capture of participatory processes by economic interests, and social exclusion within deliberative spaces. The research reinforces the need to understand the democratization of urban governance as a process, whose effectiveness depends both on institutional structures and on the capacity of civil society for organization, mobilization and political formation.

2026-03-19T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/48337 2026-02-20T06:25:25Z 2025-04-15T00:00:00Z

Title: O novo ensino médio: a (des)construção do ensino das ciências humanas na educação pública de Catalão Goiás. Abstract: This doctoral thesis an in-depth analysis of the development and impacts resulting from the implementation of the New Secondary School in Brazil. This study revisits Brazilian education up until 2016 and the subsequent educational reform that began in 2017. The central objective is to highlight the degradation of formal education over the decades, which has resulted in a problematic educational structure for the students included in this new model. The research seeks to understand the trajectory of Brazilian education, highlighting the various factors that have influenced the configuration of contemporary secondary education, as well as the fundamental role of education in the formation of the individual. To this end, the influence of political projects that still reverberate in this context is discussed. A special focus is given to the National Common Curriculum Base (BNCC), which serves as a guideline for the reform, revealing the changes in teaching that will take place between 2017 and 2022, with special attention to the Human Sciences subjects, in particular Geography. The latter, unfortunately, has suffered from the unification of knowledge, culminating in the devaluation of these areas of knowledge. Critical criteria emerge from this analysis, including educators' perceptions of students' education, the impacts of the reform on the learning process and the underlying motivations behind the curriculum changes. The methodology used in the research consists of a survey of data through bibliographical reviews, documentary analysis and semi-structured interviews in local educational institutions. In this context, we propose the hypothesis that the current educational process represents a step backwards, a clear reflection of the guidelines established by the New High School reform. The thesis is that the current educational system is facing a setback due to the reform of the New Public High School, whose proposal tends to destructure the teaching of the Humanities. The analysis seeks to investigate the problems associated with this transformation, assessing both the advances and the challenges intrinsic to the new model. The study is based on field research as an evaluation criterion, using the theoretical framework of renowned authors and contrasting their views with the opinions of the researcher and the participants in the interviews. The subject of Geography is highlighted not only because it is a significant training field for the author, but also because it represents one of the areas most affected by the reform. Humanities teaching is essential for deconstructing Eurocentric models and promoting an equitable education that values Brazil's cultural, ethnic and social diversity. The current educational reform points to a tendency to dismantle the Human Sciences in favor of technical education aimed at areas considered mechanical and manual, thus limiting the social ascension of students and perpetuating inequalities. The paper also criticizes the disparity between the public and private education systems, highlighting the urgent need to reflect on the true aims of education. It also highlights the importance of teaching the Humanities, which should provide students with a holistic understanding of geographical space and its social interactions. The analysis reveals the lack of fundamental aspects of the Humanities in the official BNCC documents, highlighting the need to promote a critical reading of the world - an essential element for student learning.

2025-04-15T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/47376 2025-10-10T06:20:50Z 2025-04-04T00:00:00Z

Title: Dimensões da segurança hídrica no semiárido: o acesso à água em núcleos de desertificação no Estado do Ceará, Brasil Abstract: Semi-arid regions are fragmented areas undergoing intense desertification processes, with a strong impact on droughts and water shortages. In Brazil, extreme droughts have intensified with global climate change. To discuss the issue of drought from a political and technical perspective, the concept of global water security emerged in the 1990s, with the aim of guaranteeing access to water for the entire world population. With the aim of investigating access to water in rural communities in desertification areas located in the interior of the state of Ceará and the impact of water infrastructure in these regions, we structured the thesis into three chapters. To this end, in chapter one, we reviewed the literature on global water security in the last decade in semi-arid regions and identified that global water security is already consolidated in the global political discussion and needs to move forward to discussions on local water security. We identified that in Brazil and worldwide, there are several types of technologies for accessing water and that Brazil is one of the regions with the highest concentration of water technologies in rural communities. In chapter two, we analyze and explore the application of TWS products from the Grace mission as a possibility for identifying areas of water availability in the state of Ceará, and we identify that although the products are sensitive for the region, the spatial resolution of the mission compromises local analyses. In the third chapter, we propose territorial zoning by adopting a multi-criteria analysis and classifying water security as very low, low, medium, high, and very high. In addition, we identified areas that need greater attention to the installation of local water infrastructure. We show that 20% of the region is comfortable with water availability and 80% of the region needs appropriate technologies for the installation of water infrastructure.

2025-04-04T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/46643 2025-08-21T06:20:28Z 2023-01-26T00:00:00Z

Title: Análise pretérita e prognóstica do Balanço Hídrico Climatológico (BHC) da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Paranaíba - Brasil Abstract: It was decided to develop this thesis for the drainage basin of the Paranaíba River - Brazil, due to its importance for the national context, as it is an interstate drainage basin with a drainage area of 222.6 thousand km², covering approximately 2.6% of the national territory, with its economic base mainly agricultural. Therefore, it is necessary to rethink on a daily basis the adoption of methodologies that can help the various planning sectors (rural and/or urban) to make assertive decisions. With this in mind, the climatological water balance (BHC) proposed by Thornthwaite and Mather (1955) has been an indispensable tool, where, in a simplified way, one can account for the dynamics of water in the soil, i.e., it brings the flows corresponding to the inflow and outflow of water, and this factor is calculated over time. Seeking to know the applicability of the climatological water balance (BHC) proposed by Thornthwaite and Mather (1955), the objective is to verify all its temporal-spatial dynamics, i.e., to evaluate its dynamics in the past and then seek to evaluate it prognostically. For this work to be carried out, a database was used composed of 10 climatological stations belonging to INMET, contemplating a temporal and/or historical series from 1991 to 2021, except for the station EC10 - Araxá that contemplated from 1991 to 2017, and this station was adopted for the southern region of the basin in order to compose a better distribution. The sum total of rainfall among the adopted stations was 412,697.0 mm, and when analyzing seasonally the average rainfall totals it is observed that the general average for the period considered rainy was 1,283.4 mm, while for the dry period it was 202.6 mm, that is, the difference between both periods is 1,080.9 mm, which is an average value considered ideal for the period evaluated. Statistically, the trend analysis proposed by Mann-Kendall indicated that most stations presented TNSQ (non-significant tendency to decrease), with the exception of stations EC01 - Brasília that presented TNSA (non-significant tendency to increase) and EC10 - Araxá with TSQ (significant tendency to decrease). The temperature data (maximum, average and minimum), showed the greatest amplitude at station EC05 - Jataí totaling 13.9°C. After checking the rainfall and temperature indices, the climatological water balance (BHC) analysis was applied, highlighting that during the entire period evaluated the stations EC01 - Brasília and EC10 - Araxá remained well below the overall average rainfall and temperature of the watershed and, Statistically evaluating the rainfall by the Mann-Kendall method, stations EC06 - Paracatu and EC10 - Araxá, showed TNSA (no significant upward trend), while the others showed TSA (significant upward trend), a result that draws attention to any sector of planning. Individually, stations EC06 - Paracatu, EC07 - Paranaíba, showed longer periods of water deficiency while the others showed practically the same period of water deficiency. Prognostically, the IPCC AR6 report was used and based on the SSP2 - 4.5 scenario, considered to be median, we found that in all the proposed prognostic scenarios there will be an increase of the water deficit, which could characterize possible areas of desertification in the basin. Finally, the climatic typological characterization of the basin characterized it preteritatively on the typology B1sA'a' and prognostically evolved among the proposed scenarios among the typologies C2sA'a', C1wA'a' and D2dA'a', thus characterizing possible climatic impacts.

2023-01-26T00:00:00Z