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Efeitos do feedback extrínseco no desempenho tático de jogadores de futebol em jogos reduzidos

2026-08-19T06:21:27Z

Title: Efeitos do feedback extrínseco no desempenho tático de jogadores de futebol em jogos reduzidos Abstract: This study investigated the effects of verbal feedback and combined verbal plus video feedback on the tactical performance of soccer players in small-sided games. Thirty-six male athletes aged 14 to 18 years (M = 15.82 ± 0.97), competing in the U-15 to U-18 categories of a club from the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, participated in the study. An experimental design with pre-test, intervention, and post-test phases was adopted. The pre-test was conducted at an initial time point, whereas the intervention and post-test were carried out sequentially at a later stage. Participants were assigned to either a Verbal Feedback Group (VFG) or a Verbal plus Video Feedback Group (VVFG). Feedback was provided at two moments during each game performed in the intervention phase. Tactical performance was assessed using the System of Tactical Assessment in Soccer (FUT-SAT), and data were analyzed using mixed-design analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures, considering feedback type and time as factors (p < .05). The results demonstrated superior performance in the Overall, Offensive, and Defensive Tactical Performance Indices for the VVFG. It can be concluded that verbal feedback combined with video enhances tactical performance in small-sided soccer games.

Aprendizagem motora em crianças e adolescentes: efeitos aditivos da autonomia, expectativa aumentada para o desempenho e foco de atenção

2026-08-19T06:22:30Z

Title: Aprendizagem motora em crianças e adolescentes: efeitos aditivos da autonomia, expectativa aumentada para o desempenho e foco de atenção Abstract: The aim of the present study was to investigate the additive effects of autonomy, enhanced performance expectancy, and an external focus of attention on learning the golf putting task in children and adolescents. A total of 60 children (10–12 years old) and 60 adolescents (15–17 years old) participated and were randomly assigned to four groups: OPTIMAL children group, Control children group, OPTIMAL adolescents group, and Control adolescents group (G4). The study was divided into four phases: pre-test (10 trials), acquisition (60 trials), retention, and transfer (10 trials each, conducted 24 hours after acquisition). During the acquisition phase, the OPTIMAL groups received external focus instructions, autonomy support through ball choice, and positive social-comparative feedback, whereas the control groups practiced without these manipulations. Performance was assessed using radial error. Intrinsic motivation was measured after the pre-test and acquisition phases, and self-efficacy was assessed throughout practice and prior to the learning tests. The results indicated performance improvement during acquisition across all groups. In the retention test, adolescents in the OPTIMAL group demonstrated superior performance compared to the control group, whereas no significant differences were observed between the children’s groups. Additionally, the OPTIMAL groups showed higher levels of selfefficacy. It is concluded that the effects of the variables proposed by OPTIMAL Theory on motor learning appear to be age-dependent, being more evident in adolescents.

Ativação da Musculatura de Tronco e Coxa durante Agachamentos Unipodais em Mulheres com Dor Femoropatelar

2026-07-21T06:27:44Z

Title: Ativação da Musculatura de Tronco e Coxa durante Agachamentos Unipodais em Mulheres com Dor Femoropatelar Abstract: The objective was to evaluate the muscle activity of the hip and knee stabilizers during different variations of the single-leg squat in females with and without Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFP). This is a cross-sectional study in which 80 active female volunteers, aged 18-30 years, were evaluated and divided into two groups: PFP and Control. All volunteers underwent a physiotherapy assessment prior to electromyographic evaluation of the Internal Oblique (IO) and External Oblique (EO) muscles, bilaterally, quadriceps, and gluteus medius (GMed), during a single-leg squat held for 6 seconds; the squats evaluated were: conventional single-leg squat (SLS), squat with the use of a flexi-bar (SLS-Flexibar), and squat using an elastic band on the upper limbs (SLS-ELAS). The comparison between groups was performed using the independent t-test, and for the comparison between exercises, a one-way repeated measures ANOVA test was used, both with a significance level of 5%. The comparison between groups showed greater activation of the gluteus maximus (GMed) in the SLS-Flexi-bar and SLS-ELAS exercises in the PFP group compared to the control group. Regarding the comparison between exercises, in the PFPS group, an increase in quadriceps and GMed activation was observed during the AGAFlexi-bar and AGA-ELAS exercises compared to the AGA, with the AGA-Flexi-bar being superior to the AGA-ELAS. Therefore, the use of the Flexi-bar during single-leg squats is suggested to increase the activation of the knee and hip stabilizer muscles in the treatment of female individuals PFP.

Características musculoesqueléticas do quadril em corredores de rua: relação com o alinhamento do pé e com a magnitude do movimento pélvico no plano frontal durante a corrida

2026-03-04T06:26:01Z

Title: Características musculoesqueléticas do quadril em corredores de rua: relação com o alinhamento do pé e com a magnitude do movimento pélvico no plano frontal durante a corrida Abstract: Running is a physical activity with a growing number of participants. The clinical reasoning in physical therapy for these runners considers the relationship between musculoskeletal characteristics of the hip and distal joints, such as the ankle–foot complex. In addition, this reasoning considers the influence of hip characteristics on pelvic kinematics. This dissertation is organized into two studies. The first study aimed to investigate the relationship between forefoot–shank alignment and hip musculoskeletal characteristics. The second study aimed to examine the relationship between the magnitude of frontal-plane pelvic motion and peak hip abductor torque in recreational runners. Both studies employed a cross-sectional observational design. Inclusion criteria were age over 18 years, at least 12 months of running experience, and at least one training session per week. Exclusion criteria were a history of lower-limb surgeries, musculoskeletal injuries in the month prior to data collection, musculoskeletal complaints on the day of testing, and any restrictions preventing data collection. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were identical for both studies. In the first study, clinical measurements of forefoot–shank alignment and passive hip stiffness were recorded; maximal isometric torque of the hip abductors and lateral rotators was assessed using a handheld dynamometer; and hip extensor performance was evaluated using the single-leg hamstring bridge (SLHB) test. In the second study, the same measure of maximal isometric hip abductor torque was used. Additionally, a two-dimensional kinematic analysis of pelvic drop during running at self-selected speed and at 3.3 m/s was conducted. Runners were characterized based on anthropometric data, physical activity level assessed by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and running training characteristics. Results from the first study indicated that forefoot–shank alignment correlated with hip abductor (r = -0.293, p = 0.039) and lateral rotator performance (r = -0.318, p = 0.024), but was not correlated with passive hip stiffness (p = 0.569) or SLHB performance (p = 0.368). The second study showed no correlation between maximal isometric hip abductor torque and pelvic drop on either the dominant or nondominant side at both running speeds investigated (p > 0.05). In conclusion, greater forefoot–shank varus is associated with poorer performance of maximal isometric hip abductor and lateral rotator torque, reinforcing the relationship between proximal and distal characteristics of the lower limb. Finally, maximal isometric hip abductor torque is not related to peak frontal-plane pelvic drop. Other factors may contribute to this movement, and poorer abductor performance may be related to motion of other body segments.